FASTING BLOOD SUGAR AND GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN (HBA1C)
Fasting blood sugar provides a snapshot of your blood sugar levels after not eating, while Hgb A1c offers a longer-term view of control over the past three months. Elevated levels indicate poor blood sugar management, which can lead to Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other metabolic disorders. Maintaining healthy levels helps ensure your body efficiently uses glucose for energy, crucial for daily functioning and athletic performance.
LIPID LEVELS
Lipids, including triglycerides (TG), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and HDL (high-density lipoprotein), are fats in your blood. The TG/HDL and HDL/LDL ratios are considered indicators of heart health. High triglycerides and low HDL levels are linked to an increased risk of heart disease. Balanced lipid levels contribute to overall cardiovascular health. LDL-C is traditionally viewed as a key marker, though it has a weaker predictive value for heart disease than HDL-C and triglycerides.
INFLAMMATORY MARKERS
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammation is associated with a range of diseases, including heart disease, cancer, and autoimmune conditions.
BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE
Blood pressure and heart rate are vital signs of cardiovascular health. High blood pressure can lead to heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems.
BODY-FAT PERCENTAGE AND LEAN BODY MASS
Body fat percentage and lean body mass are indicators of body composition. High body fat is linked to various health problems, including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and joint issues. Lean body mass, which includes muscles, bones, and organs, is crucial for metabolic health, physical strength, and mobility.
BONE DENSITY
Bone density measures the strength and solidity of bones. Low bone density can lead to osteoporosis, increasing the risk of fractures and injuries.
HORMONES
Hormones are crucial regulators of numerous bodily functions, including metabolism, mood, growth, and reproductive health. Key hormones to monitor include:
Testosterone: In men, testosterone levels can affect muscle mass, fat distribution, and overall vitality.
Estrogen and Progesterone: In women, these hormones play significant roles in menstrual cycles, bone density, and overall health.
Cortisol: Known as the “stress hormone,” cortisol helps regulate metabolism and immune response.
Thyroid Hormones: These hormones regulate metabolism.
WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND WAIST-TO-HIP RATIO
These measurements assess the distribution of body fat. Excess abdominal fat is associated with a higher risk of metabolic diseases, such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
By measuring these health markers once or twice a year, you’ll gather ample data to assess whether your training and lifestyle habits contribute positively to your health. However, if you’re actively working to improve a metric on the sick side of the continuum, you may need to measure more frequently — perhaps every quarter. Collaborating with a qualified physician or healthcare professional, especially one familiar with the benefits of CrossFit for health and performance, is not just important; it’s essential. Together, you can develop a testing schedule and monitor your progress effectively.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Michael Giardina started CrossFit in 2005. He has worked as a trainer at a CrossFit affiliate and as a CrossFit Seminar Staff Flowmaster and Content Supervisor. He has competed at the CrossFit Games and served as a CrossFit Games Head Judge. He is a Certified CrossFit Coach (CF-L4), has a Master of Science in exercise physiology, a Master of Public Health, an Executive MBA, and works as CrossFit’s Senior Manager of Health Education.